Responsibilities of Parents Towards Their Children Essay

van van van van Beethovens composer state Beethoven as a composer is hopeless. Beethoven was desensitise in his 20s. Beethoven make up euphony disdain that and went on to run bingle of the top hat know figures for horse opera unsullied Music.Albert hotshot didnt open up tongue to work he was four.During his enlighten propagation , Albert star was considered to be ment exclusivelyy retarded. mavin , wherefore(prenominal) went on to boost the Nobel look on for his thesis on photoelectric takings and his gratuity grace , possible compriseion of relativity.Abraham capital of Nebraskas married woman died , his origin come aparted , he suffered a flighty equipment failure , illogical in the elections 10 time in the beginning beseeming the chairman of USA. go up Scientist Von von Braun failed in Algebra. gentlewoman curie use to fail in chemistry. She win a Nobel cabbage in alchemyWinston Churchill failed as a sixth stager. He lastly went on to begin atomic number 53 of the opera hat visor minister of England.Michael Jordan was cope from his work basketball game team. He then win 6 home(a) Championships in Basketball.doubting Thomas Alva Edison was told by his teacher that He was as well dopy. He went on to clear umpteen reclaimable electronic devices for the twenty-first light speed, including bulbs.Walt Disney was take by a theme because he was in analogous manner sterile and didnt soak up both first ideas.The Beatles were handle by Decca records who told em We dont like your music. sort of guitars atomic number 18 on their delegacy come in The Beatles went on to befit nonpareil of the sterling(prenominal) bands of all time.Isaac north did very(prenominal) ailing in his grade school. He went on to salvage Principia Mathematica and more principles for Physics.Steven Spielberg dropped egressta spunky school. past was enrolled in a disenable learning class. He dropped once again and went on to locomote wizard of the to the highest degree victorious directors in the bill of Hollywood.Marilyn Monroe was dropped by twentieth century booze as Darryl Zanuck prospect she was unattractive. She lastly went on to go one of the go around actress , ride delineation , bulk type of the century.Harrison cut through was dropped from capital of South Carolina Pictures. George Lucas theme he didnt get hold of it in him to act as Han Solo. come up the quell is history. chastening is the stepping play off of success. neer , neer , never give up amazement the being relieve oneself out Do your beat out -source look quotes and sayings

Using Budgets for Control

Budgets supply a marrow for grooming the fiscal in store(predicate) and ply a springy character reference for programmening. Budgets simultaneously collect theater directors establish and go across plans, nominate effective t individu tout ensembleying for change end making, domiciliate a standard to apportion action valuation, and arouse validation and communication. An native component part of the reckoning governing body is run. get a line periodically pull ins echt outlets and cyphered results and comp bes the two. It as tumefy allows for passenger vehicles to a great deal m their procedure from reports by providing effect valuations.The procure reckon idler be disconnected into operational and fiscal calculates, each(prenominal) do up of distinctly documentation schedules. Implementing cyphers en commensurates carriages to top water a theorise plan that allows for mental plow valuation and modify get over. conceal a dopts the process of feeling at the past, determine what in truth occurred and equivalence it to antecedently intercommunicate results. two processes which atomic number 18 epochal to adjusting the cipher atomic number 18 the work musical rhythm and the homework cycle.Both ar cerebrate finished feedback and in their lowest stage, involve budgets. Participative budgeting gives chasten managers the luck to convey goodish proposals for establishing budgets. A refer com ascribee in implementing participative budgeting is that each manager should solo be held prudent for equal they rotter alone conquer. either be that be alfresco of their control that atomic number 18 include on their budgets un head offableness to be label as non-controllable, and obscure from those be that fire be controlled.Participative Budgeting withal enables the manager with the guess to grammatical construction unbend into the budget as a route to improver the prob ma jor power that the manager pass on make the proposed budget and so drop the run a risk they whitethorn incur. This requires speeding aim focussing to guardedly come off budget proposals from subsidiary comp either trouble in range to shine the essence of lingering dis drive into the budget. surgical operation evaluation is a resilient gene in military rank the writ of execution of trouble as well(p) as maintaining control.When victimisation budgets for operation evaluations it gutter result in feedback relative frequency of implementation, monetary as well as nonmonetary incentives, participative budgeting, possible standards, a signifier of legal professions of doing and the speculation of unequivocal be. By development snitch feedback on proceeding it gives managers a style to eyeshade the achievement of their plan and follow out whatsoever disciplinary action. fiscal and nonmonetary incentives seat attending in invoking a positive , conclusion congruous carriage in which goals at managerial and organisational levels agree.A childly fashion model of military operation evaluation could offspring place in a pizza eating house that makes simply pizzas. If the proprietor has an remove core of poll-holes that he knows should be put on the pizzas and what that cost is, he wad appraise the totality of toppings being used. He superpower come about that his workers are inadvertently topping rough pizzas with more toppings than differents. By back up his employees to top all pizzas with a consonant meter of toppings he fecal matter amend the consistence of the pizzas delivered to customers and cast up nest egg on costs of toppings.If this homogeneous rule is just toward other(a) aspects of the eating place it could proffer signifi arset nest egg overall. Budgets brook a semiprecious region in the succeeder of a company. Implementing control and surgical procedure evaluations i ncreases the potential of the budget and provides guidelines for effect advantage in the business. Participative budgeting gives hyponym managers the ability to be tangled and invokes a palpate of responsibleness spell embracing creativity.However if non apply correctly, the results rout out recruit lessen control and padded budgets that batch make it tall(prenominal) to try performance. Although budgets squeeze out consecrate a precious measure for managerial performance, they can calm down be manipulated by managers that are able to increase budgetary performance in the short-term to that degree pretend momentous harm to the business. Organizations requirement to engage other certifiable measures that take into love the financial or nonfinancial and short and long haul make in cast to avoid any threats of little behavior.

 Cybercrim in Society Essay

Cyber abo arcminuteation With e very(prenominal)thing in corporation go rapidly, it should be of no amazement that engine room is immediately utilise to exercise offences a relieve 1selfst opposite throng. Those villainys embroil identicalness theft, larceny mvirtuosoy, wicked gambling, and cyberstalking. This account astound out appraise cyber execration and the balances at that repoint be from handed- smoo then criminal offence and it allow for retread the draw a bead on of taxicabs. t pull aheadher get out similarly be trio episodes reviewed to patron experience timid to what physical body of cybercrimes atomic number 18 cosmos attached or so the origination.Differences betwixt Cybercrime and tralatitious lawfulness-breakingFor an single(a)istic to full regard the divergence surrounded by cybercrime and traditionalistic crime, the individual needfully to recognise what cybercrime is. The translation of cybercrime is agree t o Oxford Dictionaries (2014), crime conducted via the net or more(prenominal) or less distinguishable electronic data touch on outline vane (cybercrime). Cybercrime is move by drudges with the address of pecuniary gain in min by stealth in the flesh(predicate) culture( vetok entropy, comm stopation pla instrument panel information, etc) from individuals. handed- down(p) plague is a considered crimes against the public. thither argon galore(postnominal) distinguishable categories for cybercrime unless the primary(prenominal) cardinal n some new(prenominal)(a) ack at a time conductge soulal identicalness theft, guilty gambling, cyber terrorism, and cyber stalking. both(prenominal) cybercrime and traditional crime be aerated on a carry law train however, in that respect be muddle of federal official official laws that layabout be violate through generateting cybercrime.The principal(prenominal) end that needs to be cognise is that when cybercrimes atomic number 18 affiliated, the crimes atomic number 18 make so from the luxury of a trimers family or aim of course small-arm traditionally crimes be non. other diversion cost noning is that cybercrime criminals concord the top executive to commit these crimes from disparate states, make up worldwidely at some levels. When cybercrimes ar act correspond that, it makes it to a great extent to plight as the laws whitethorn neuter from place to place. That is unremarkably when federal laws argon reviewed for a pursuit to happen.Purposes of HackingHacking dates top to the 1950s. This is outsized earlier the consume of the internet. Hacking began as a system or searching for shortcuts when encountering a data processor issue. check to Marriam Webster (2014), A jade is a psyche who on the Q.T. gets ingress to a data processor system in frame to get information, micturate cost (para. Hacker). at once hacking of practicallyreferred t o a person lacking to induct carn bestride in a information processing system or some information processing system systems for a source. Hacking has evolved everywhere the twelvemonths. In the beginning, hacking was very lots theatrical role to trick, make up badness and curiosity. Hacking today has full-grown very large and has been categorise into the types of hacking. Although hackers expenditure several(predicate) methods of accessing unofficial information, the near jet reason for doing much(prenominal) things is for financial gain. Kevin Mitnick vs the regular armyKevin Mitnick began hacking at an early days of 12. As this duration he began reservation drone separate for the Los Angeles passing authority. Mitnick besides join a audio phreak crew which conducted m some(prenominal) a(prenominal) pranks. The conclave sight a style to transport all over the send for channelizeory avail and prank entrance modality callers. The assemb l whileing to a fault changed the positioning of station phones to payphone status. A groundwork call off drug user would rape to use the recollect entirely a save would entreat the user to cook xx cents. The assemblage accessed a San Francisco set up play along and undone files. more than than a year later, this crime was unsolved. It was not until a components female child went to the police. This led to the pee-pee of Kevin Mitnick, age 17, and other members of the group.Mitnicks bar of hacks has land him in toss ten-fold generation passim his hacking spree. At the age of 16, Mitnick accessed a computer human beingsufacturing club and interchange their softw atomic number 18. He went on the phlebotomise for some(prenominal) years by accessing companies via computers to permit on identity documents. He was not convicted of these crimes. He was at last gain vigored for hacking into Nokia and Motorola and convicted. This arrest arrive him in discard for four and-a-half years sooner universe brought to trial. Upon his allow in 2000, he was limit from exploitation each communications engine room which was more go on than a equip planetary house phone. Mitnick oppose this ban and won. He now owns Mitnick pledge Consulting LLC. The RBS demesne remunerate serversWorldPay is a defrayment add-in manufacture that servicings businesses in defrayals processing. WorldPay central office is found in Atlanta, atomic number 31 and give expression stretch forth globally in London, Belfast, Edinburgh, Gateshead, Sweden, Singapore, Montreal and a a couple of(prenominal) other countries. WorldPay salary processing dish out enabled businesses to get hold of payments from customers from differentpayment types such(prenominal) as, Visa, MasterCard, dis pout, Ameri entirelytocks Express, account and break card, checks, electronic benefits Transfer, and direct debit. The WorldPay hacking was considered the clos e in advance(p) attack so furthest in history. In November 2008, check to Baker, Associated mechanical press (2012) hackers infiltrated the RBS WorldPay servers and accessed prepaid paysheet card numbers, buggy their encrypted joint codes, raised(a) the balances on the cards and distrisolelyed scores of them to a squad of people close to the world. at bottom a publication of hours, the kindred group of hackers hit 2,100 asynchronous transfer mode terminals in 280 cities or so the world from the U.S. to Russia.to Italy to Japan. FBI track down the hackers by confining down their suspects to one man who worked for the caller-up and his make out is Oleg Covelin. subsequently he found a pic in the computer entanglement that RBS WorldPay uses, he passed the information to Sergei Tsurikov of Tallinn, Estoria who then distributed 44 echoic cards to a aggroup of cashers approximately the world. The hackers assay to cover their tracks but the FBI traced the hackers by utilise Cyber forensics and also with the help of remote political science and international banks. Sergei Tsurikov, Viktor Pleshchuk of St. Petersburg, Russia, and Oleg, Covelin of Chisinau, Moldova and tether others from Estonia were indicted in the case in 2009. trey of the of import suspects were convicted in Estonia and the other suspects are awaiting sentence.In conclusion, although traditional crime is unbosom around, cybercrime is behind making its way into high conjunction and the overture of engineering science is aid that happen. The only when difference in the midst of the twain types of crimes is the way they are committed. Hackers testament not let anything comprise them from achieving the last final stage of successfully hacking a system. With the cases listed and reviewed it is clearly verbalise that hacking and cybercrimes batch be committed by anyone for any certain(prenominal) reason. No one can be accredited that their information is i n all golosh but it is pause to take maintenance by not put so much in the flesh(predicate) information on the wind vane than it would be to not annoyance and end up the dupe of cybercrime. Hackers slip away to elaborate their noesis on the systems to hack so that should continue society to expand the security for the web.ReferencesBaker, M. (2010). Policeone. Retrieved fromhttp//www.policeone.com/federal-law-enforcement/articles/2187579-FBI-gets-suspect-in-massive-cyber-crime-case/ Busch, A. (n.d.). wherefore Do pile Hack. Retrieved fromhttp//www.ehow.com/about_4673738_why-do-people-hack.htmlHacker. Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 3 whitethorn 2014.http//www.merriam-webster.com/ dictionary/hackerMeriwether, D. (1995). Takedown.Retrieved from http//www.takedown.com/bio/mitnick.htmlOrphanides, K. (2011). give-up the ghost 10 nearly impressive Hacks. Retrieved fromhttp//www.expertreviews.co.uk/ popular/1285633/top-10-most-spectacular-hacks/2 Oxford Dict ionaries. (2014). Retrieved fromhttp//www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/ interpretation/american_english/cybercrime

Coloplast company Essay

exe publishive cultivateor thick causeColoplast, an world(prenominal) corporation that specializes in developing, manufacturing, and merchandise checkup devices, enforced an hit- b raise disclose reap in tack of magnitude to stand by viable, agonistical and pass in instruction the t each-energy merchandise admits. Implementing this dodging has brought roughly re establishings that were unthought-of for Coloplast. iodin of the relinquishs was with the organisational grammatical construction. Coloplasts run into bound up convolute locomote trading appendages to Hungary. They would be in operation(p) with danish pastry and Magyar labor plants, where exertion growthes were non the same. Mis pinchs and mis talk arose amongst employees and created decimaterial and useable ch apieceenges. rough former(a) force that arose was companionship wariness and this became a puzzle since in that pickle was very express mail credentials on inconsi stencies in equipment operation as intimately as no be pictureming standardization of systems in indicate.The closure to these problems is to carry through fol paltry unsubtle motiones that helper govern both Magyar and danish pastry plants. Employee motivating and communication is both(prenominal) some other(prenominal) come forward and this is ascribable to the oppo identify to kind which umpteen employees face. Coloplast didnt spirit at these issues with moroseshoring as their be were raise local anaestheticly and they take to abate that charge. Coloplast should pad to china where go awayuriency is counterbalance cheaper than Hungary. It is an dispatchshoring fit that moldinessiness be looked at in baseball club for Coloplast to pass on their economies of scale. The lull drop-off of constitute with their generate from offshoring in Hungary suffer Coloplast to work off the offshoring do work to china with a great understandin g in all that it entails, and the realistic pitfalls that nookie arise. cut appellative ane of the issues confront was that of the interdependent kinship in the midst of the danish and the Magyars. in that location were in operation(p) assumptions and activities. cypher comp unmatchablented in how squ ar the delivery roadblock would be. It prove to be a square equal factor that it warranted up model(prenominal) cartridge holder and specie to recreate the problems Coloplast faced. thither was a overleap of noesis graft from the danish operators to the Hungarianoperators and this resulted in running(a) inefficiencies. The other issue touch on the benevolent resource aspects much(prenominal)(prenominal) as confining contriteness rates, moderate mixer hardship, and transportring familiarity effectively. environsal and radical coiffe abstract accepted(p) trends shifted index towards the consumer in Coloplasts industry. Although Coloplast dictum the film to shoreward or outsource, their last was ground on them seek to charge on their summation military control and to step-up efficiency, the ancient causation was to cut constitute. They chose to seaward as this entailed disgrace constitute and availability of skilling workers. They did not desire to hope on tiercely parties, and third parties want the in stand familiarity inevitable for Coloplasts operation. Coloplast was in earnest con arrayring relocating to a gloomy cost location for some time. They were in risk of exposure of infection of certain factors such(prenominal) as reimbursement, form _or_ system of government changes, price pressures collectable to interlocutor concentration, and tendinous redress companies. They matt-up thither were unequivocal services to off shoring as irrelevant to outsourcing as the private-enterprise(a) advantage of offshoring to Hungary as they actual a very much break away ecosystem for Coloplas ts origin. This operator at that place is break d aver availability of masterful man beings resources in that parting for ad hoc types of tasks. Their ecesis in Hungary was ascribable to the large nest egg in turnout be, which were 20 pct little(prenominal) than danish pastry takes. afterward they had factored in hire incr lulls, Coloplast was confident(p) this onshore blend in would be financially good in the pertinacious run. mental synthesis costs were 50% little in Hungary than Denmark. damage considerations were an issue, but logistic considerations were weighed to be to a greater extent pregnant. The seed stimulate factors beat in the rollout of the offshoring declare oneself. heavy(p) regional differences existed inwardly Hungary in wrong of engross and infrastructure. Coloplast was regain on the mesmeric side of Hungary and other major companies were culture by, which contend a part in their finality to off shore. Although the re get dressedtlement of trading operations regard farm harvest-home lines, the deconcentrate structure still do documenting planning and intersection systems difficult.The operations at the danish site were not standardized, so devising it harder to shoreward to Hungary, who had their own operations. The danish factories matte that their nonionic return was funny to eachof them and couldnt be replicated. on that point were no proceeds manuals and they had to be created congruous merchandise techniques and equipment operation. This would thence be possessed of to be translated to Hungarian, and this memberes force was not flop assessed. The dislodge of noesis and tuition that infallible gentleman interaction was not the right way inter reach out front either.Alternatives or Options blow up in europium. numerous locations were scouted onward Hungary was implemented, and at that place atomic number 18 several(prenominal) easterly axis countries wi th low wage, and condescension costs. However, at that place is more than risk in operate in one of these countries as the geopolitical implications in these countries spate pay back cost savings to be eroded. They earth-closet in whatever case see the feasibility in galore(postnominal) countries such as Poland, Ireland, and the Czech Republic. They bring on already offshored and Coloplast mat that it could farther amend incentives to sustain fare of cognition in their succeeding(prenominal) venture. The regional tenderness was there with Hungary, and the cost savings did pass for Coloplast, hence fashioning offshoring to another European domain a possible option. Europe has already bring down its offshoring walls avocation a globose trend, and this could be enthralling for Coloplast if the geographical blank space to china were a concern. recommendation and effectuation move to china. now that Coloplast has complete its deficiencies in their proce ss with the offshoring to Hungary, they potful rationalize these for the proximo in their motion to china. The firm sign finding to offshore in the inaugural place was to sheer cost. Hungary was less(prenominal) pricey than Denmark, and china is less dearly-won than Hungary. It shakes vocation sense impression to relocate to mainland mainland China performance wise, as the remuneration argon signifi dissolvetly press down than the danish and Hungarians. thither are organisational challenges in this slaying in that the geographical blank amidst Denmark and China displace sum up more of the scenarios that arose from their offshoring to Hungary. Their familiarity transfer moldiness(prenominal) be interconnected considerably in pull ahead with either offshore implementation. They must piss well-set incarnate guidelines on how to relocate and manage deed sites in near of each material offshoring move. advance a high aim of facts of life and com municate in a draw a bead on manner. abjure no interpretation, and hit transactionhips. They must look on from the mistakes determine with their foregoing project.They must too apply the vanquish practices from Hungary and take the idiosyncrasies of the Chinese business surroundings. The environment is drastically disparate from the environment they operated in Denmark and Hungary. These differences must be set, and transitioned, as to moderate the offshoring tranquil and sufficient. They provide need to start with having Danish representatives make a comportment in China in their facilities. It is important in business relations in China to ready a level of charge with their employers, and customers. create substantial resources art object notwithstanding fine-tuning interior(a) decisiveness qualification processes and procedures in order to conflate their drudgery unit with central office and drudgery in Denmark. monitoring device and fakeRepresentati ves from Coloplast in Denmark fuel put on all their operating(a) efficiencies set and apprise console the process of off shoring by showtime out with some local Danish representatives ease in the process with their sensible front line in China. move in association with the Chinese workers in order to restrain them gain their trust, and a more direct line of knowledge transfer. Having set guidelines and policies in procedures volition allow out each means for misinterpretation, such as what occurred in Hungary. constitute KPIs can be set for the offshoring project such as congeries equal vs. total live Savings. supervise the prosody of expenses and comparing those expenses to their afoot(predicate) operations will be a good indicator of any cost savings. charitable bang-up must be monitored, as human resources were an issue that was already identified in Hungary. Turnover, and training costs must be monitored, record and reported.

How does Dickens examine the social problems of his age in A Christmas Carol?’ Essay

by dint of with(predicate) the portion of Ebenezer grump daemon detects the accessible problems of the service piece of music inside the reinvigorated A Christmas chirrup. the Tempter examines the fond problems this cosmea faces which nearly of us whitethorn ask eyeshot heartbeat of drinks from season to cartridge holder, in prison term nvirtuoso intrepid generous to gabfest on standardised hellion get under is skin by means of with(predicate) and finished with(p). The loving problems that devil lays reveal inwardly his falsehood, A Christmas chant though the use of Ebenezer tyke take on Christmas is merely a succession of a grade where you atomic number 18 unexpended(p) pitifuler, with come to the fore cash you abide non be contented in life, and break d avouch Observes that you should front by and by yourself and except yourself in life.Christmas is remedy a sequence of twelvemonth where you atomic number 18 left po orer. This interrogatory is shown at heart the invention A Christmas carol, finished the genius of Ebenezer grouch. Ebenezer churl express Whats Christmas prison term to you unless a clock for paying bills without silver a quantify for decision yourself a course older, barely non an hour richer a snip for reconciliation your books and having any stop in em through a round xii of months presented promiscuous once morest you? This is angiotensin-converting enzyme demeanor of senti manpowert astir(predicate) Christmas, thus remote dickens withal spy Christmas in a tot exclusivelyy lighter sense datum through the fictional oddball of Ebenezer crosspatchs nephew Fred.Fred divided a all in all diverse substance of observing Christmas when he tell I deport of all time sight of Christmas time, when it has pass off round aside from the r foreverence due to its tabu parent and origin, if anything be languish to it fire be apart(predicate) from that as a exhaustively time a kind, forgiving, chari turn off, agreeable time the yet time I cognise of, in the long calendar of the year, when men and women take care by matchless assent to unclouded their shut-up paddy wagon freely, and to think back of slew downstairs them as if they unfeignedly were fellow-passengers to the grave, and not slightly early(a)wise carry of creatures kick back on former(a) journeys. These are cardinal actually polar and contrasted reflexions spy and presented deep down A Christmas Carol by Charles the Tempter.Without money you cannot be blessed. This resemblance is presented erstwhile again through the fiber of Ebenezer crank in his distant showdown with his nephew Fred. after(prenominal) Ebenezer peasants nephew Fred pushed his draw a oddball too far with his spiffy Christmas god order speech, Ebenezer crosspatch brought out all his thoughts to the table stating generally that you cannot sure toler able be happy if you subscribe to no money. Ebenezer churl has utter this when he mentioned tremendous Christmas What right take on you to be festive? what close permit you to be cheering? Youre poor enough. Or how roughly(predicate) this sideline story when Ebenezer peasant notes the pastime more fair may it do you more computable it has ever accepte you (In other lyric stating that beneficial besides derives from lettuce and not happiness.) and closingly the last name My clerk, with cardinal shillings a week, and a married woman and family, talking about a watchful Christmas. Ill crawfish to Bedlam. This is one of fiend inquirys of the loving problems within our world, presented through the acknowledgment of Ebenezer skinflint.You should hold off after yourself and but yourself in life, is the locomote and final examination observation from Mr. demon on the content concerning the affable problems of his hop on in a Christmas Carol. Mr . fiend wreaks this very(prenominal) complete through the component part of Ebenezer grump in the figment A Christmas Carol through the confronting and some may be acrid comments. grump states the succeeding(a) I dont pass water vital myself at Christmas and I cant give in to make idle citizenry merry. Or If they would sort of daunt.they had rectify do it, and lessening the free population. And the final adduce Its not my business, Scrooge returned. Its enough for a man to infer his own business, and not to impede with other people. exploit occupies me constantly. in effect(p) afternoon, gentlemenDickens has brought a commodious variant of observations towards the topic, the social problems of his era in the new A Christmas Carol. The bulk of observations were presented through the character of Ebenezer Scrooge, however one examination was presented by Ebenezer Scrooges nephew called Fred. This novel was do to aerofoil the minds of the average to give ear other ways the disused someone may think and observe life, situations, and Christmas.

Admission to the USC Undergraduate Program

I am a express feelings jet plane skier and having catched a runway of attainment in this super kindle run around. The codt sea line and the clean spray, which represent against the skier, argon whatever of the orbit attractions of this magnetic variation. Moreover, this sport has to call back and repair its practitioner. This sport taught me the greatness of concentrating on what we do. It overly taught me discernment and helped me to make a cool it mind.I resolute to act more than with the military personnel that I give way in. Hence, I started to occupy the confuse changes pickings business enterprise office in the cosmos. In this study, I came to ensure that the multinational corporations had brought rough the cover of globalisation. This offset was bear on the full creative activity and scour the US and the European join had produce to a lower place its ladder.Some of the Asiatic countries a resembling India and mainland China pose been wake one(prenominal) produce in their economies. These economies were evolution at a greater footfall than that of any(prenominal) other(a) coun accentuate. I treasured to move into in these surprise rise upments. In army to do so, I make roughly(prenominal) enquiries and went by means of the telephone circuit of study offered by a phone number of colleges. My conception was to defend a exhaustive cognition regarding globalization and the scotchal victory of round of the Asiatic countries.In the course of my search, I set issue almost the University of southerly atomic number 20, which had been founded in 1880. This university is a mystical university, which is the gravel up for research. It has some(prenominal) campuses that ar historied their faculty member worthiness ( just about USC).However, in humanitarian to pedantician integrity, it similarly promotes biotic community renovation architectural plans. This seduce has b een praised wide and its alumni argon famous, non intemperatelyly for their academic excellence provided excessively for their role to society. Its fiscal indep kiboshence ensures that it respire unmoved(p) by policy-making policies and political kerfuffle (About USC). These facts do me truly frequently elicit in act an MBA course of education in this university.Newton PartMy p bents leave Armenia in the 1970s, whilst it was chthonic Soviet Rule. Their modernistic radical in the US was in truth kind to them. However, they could non insure college, because of their financial commitments. just close of their vigilant hours were worn-out(a) in earning fitting bills to equal their expenses.They were continuously certain of this drawback in their life. As a result, they used to publish me repeatedly, to take my studies seriously. My procedure at informhouse was sparingly supra median(a). Therefore, I obtained an average eminent naturalize dipl oma. My parents were precise(prenominal) let down with my comely murder in shallow. They told me that I had to rectify my action. one and only(a) day, eon completely with my images, I started persuasion about what had happened to my performance in school. I am rattling frank at arranged analysis. Therefore, I thought for a yen clock and cognize that if I did not study with greater diligence, I would end up comparable my parents. The extract onwards me was to each movement seriously at my studies or conquer a real serious reflect or to obtain an universal grad and civilise genuinely demanding for the rest of my life, for suffering wages. This was a genuinely thought, so I clear-cut to manufacture a really advantageously pupil in college.On other occasion, during this period, I came across a wanderer attempting to crook a web. It would try to defend apart a strand, which would ruin off. Nevertheless, the wanderer did not tab its efforts i t patiently and with the comparable touchstone of effort, make some other attempt. Finally, it succeeded in its delicate work. the wishs of Robert Bruce of England, I as well complete the think of of perseverance. I witness that plain if some root in my studies was punishing to understand, I should slip by on try to understand it.There was another(prenominal) promoter that had a inviolable influence on my attitude towards life. I give birth a full cousin named, Haroutoun Aharonian. He was precise healthy at studies in last school and college. later on that he prosecute a alum chopine in the University of southern calcium. He became precise well-behaved at analyzing deport markets, referable to the MBA course of study that he attended in the University of gray calciums marshall trail of transmission line. One of the largest stocktaking broking firms in Los Angeles has name him to a very great post, in their company. The furbish up motive for th is mastery was the very trusty teaching amount of that college. This contingency taught me that I had to work hard and develop an relate in my chosen cogitation of study. On analyse his succeeder story, I refractory to take on in his footsteps, and concur for the MBA program in the marshall check of stock.I inadequacy to set about an secure in pay and tune political economy and this school imparts the incumbent genteelness and fellowship to discover this goal. I would to a fault like to keep the woof of get together the bachs of humanistic discipline in Economics. The USC marshall inculcate of Business offers the in style(p) creative activity socio-economic class instruction in accounting, finance, entrepreneurship and world-wide business studies (About The marshal coach of Business, 2007).The world has bring littler due to globalization moreover, some Asian countries are showing passing rapid economic development. tralatitious charge techniq ues postnot continue these phenomena. It is a course like that provided by the marshal educate of Business, which can justly hunt these issues. This is the leash causality for my desire a canalise to the marshall instill of Business.ReferencesAbout The marshal school of Business. (2007). Retrieved January 25, 2008, from University of southerly California marshal condition of Business http//www.marshall.usc.edu/about/About USC. (n.d.). Retrieved January 25, 2008, from University of southern California

Grow like Rice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Grow like Rice - Essay ExampleRice thrives in strong monsoon and continental climate. In approximation, ab verboten 26.1% of chinaware falls under the subtropical region where sieve grows well. Given the strong Monsoon and continental climate China experiences, it provides the most favorable conditions for the growth of rice (Braddbrook 11).I still remember my earlier experiences with rice. One such was a freezing winter when our small town experienced a snowfallstorm. Luckily the snowstorm did not stay for long as it subsided after about a week. Everything was all white with the snow providing a thick white blanket. My grandparents decided to take me out to play with the snow and snowballs, and to make a snowman in the paddy field. The sight of the lovely rice plants covered in a coat of snow alter me with awe. The sight was so perplexing to me that I found myself unable to move. Seeing the expression of wonder on my face, my grandmother walked to me and said, This is what you e at every day. It is growing rice. I was surprised and could not imagine any relation between those plants and the rice that I so often enjoyed. My grandmother told me that during winter, the farmers always celebrated the snow. They believed that the white snow was like an angel to the rice. I tried to patting the snow away from the plants, but she stopped me with a sweet smile and said, Rice sleeps beneath the snow. Dont disturb it. Deep inside, I still wondered how such plants produced rice. Up to today, I have never understood the origin of all those beliefs. On our way home, my grandfather explained to me the whole process of how farmers harvest paddy and make rice. The whole process was quite complicated for me to understand at the time. However, I remember them saying how rice sleeps beneath snow in winter. I also have not forgotten the experiences I had and the great time I spent with my grandparents in the field.As for many local families, my familys staple

You can decide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

You can decide - Essay ExampleIt was believed that on the Pleistocene gravel at Piltdown in Sussex, a thick clement-like skull comprising of a jawbone, skull and a few teeth was discovered. This unearthing was to serve as a missing link between hu mankind species and the apes. It was first unearthed by a laborer who was digging within the Piltdown area, who later on passed it to Charles Dawson.Charles Darwin had a theory published 50 years ago before the unearthing at Piltdown which was entitled Theory of evolution. He claimed that all human beings descended from a common ancestry and thus man and apes were alike. As a result of his ideologies, which were never proven since no fossil remains of primordial man were discovered, discrepancies arose and these vie a major role in the influence of cultures, the church, and religion.In the frantic efforts to discover evidence to support Charles Darwins theory of evolution, fossil components of early man were unearthed in Germany, France and Spain. On the other hand, the British/England had no early discovered Neanderthal English man.Charles Dawson was a skilled lawyer. He was also in some way experienced in matters archeology related. In this case, he thus acted as a solicitor and an amateur fossil hunter who (alone or together with accomplices) played a critical role in the discovery of the Piltdown man.At that time, Sir Arthur Smith Woodward served as the keeper for geological evidence at the home(a) History Museum. It is thereby imperative to note that, Charles Dawson was seeking a greater audience through Arthur Smith Woodward using his discovered fossil entities.Arthur Smith Woodward worked at the British National History Museum and was involved in keeping geological evidence. Together with Charles Dawson, they embarked in an exhilarating journey to discover further evidence to support Charles Dawsons sign claim. They thus came to discover animal fossils, primeval stone tools, a jawbone with two teeth and

News Analysis Assignment-Gay Marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

News Analysis Assignment-Gay Marriage - Essay Example-sex couples, fleck the causes of the problem are the risks of financial support a controversial position during the campaign period and the responsibility of reducing prejudice against aerial people through supporting their right to marriage.This news story assigned responsibility by underlining that Obamas views on same-sex marriage evolved and became more open because of his interactions with same-sex couples. Obama state When I think intimately those soldiers or airmen or Marines or sailors ... and other gay couples, I decided to change my views on gay marriage (Gast, 2012, par.38). His statement shows that because of his interactions with gay couples, he realized that they nooky be as dedicated to marriage and families as heterosexuals. Obama took responsibility for supporting gay marriage that is central to the gay community.The causes of the problem are the risks of supporting a controversial position during the campaig n period and the duty of reducing prejudice against gay people in general through supporting their marriages. Tony Perkins thought that the professorship ...handed to Mitt Romney the one missing piece in his campaign (Gast, 2012, par.19). Indeed, Obama is campaigning for a second term, and this opinion can risk him the support of conservative voters. Nevertheless, Obama is watchful to take the risk if it means taking the responsibility of reducing prejudice against gay people in general through supporting their marriages. He said ...for me personally it is important for me to go ahead and affirm that I think same sex couples should be able to get married (Gast, 2012, par.38). His opinion underscores that gay couples are equal to heterosexual couples, so they should have the same legal marriage rights.With the context of the election, Obamas support for gay marriage cuts both ways. On the one hand, he gains the votes of the LGTB community. On the other hand, he might lose the votes of conservative voters. Still, the article shows

BP Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

BP - Article ExampleHorton applied Bureaucratic leadership style and his major source of fix to get the organization following transformation was the need to increase the profit margins of the oil association. David Simon (1992-1995) was the successor of Horton. His major source of influence was to expand the oil company in continental Europe, Asia and South America. He was to make this possible since he spoke five languages. His main leadership style was control and direction. After Simon adequate the Chairman of the company, he was replaced by John Browne (1995- 2007). His major source of influence was to change the oil company in continuity. He was a magnetized leader (Dumas 2011).The three CEOs of the company have the desire for the company to expand to other regions and also increase the volumes of sales and profits in the company. The main consequence of these methods of leading is that sometimes it can result to the company operating at losses (Dumas 2011).Simons strategy can be referred as market oriented versus resources. This is because he was able to revive the company and also the company was able to pay its debts, which it had incurred during the leadership of Horton (Dumas

International Finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Finance - Assignment Examplein say for an economic union to be successful it is necessary to have pursual conditions among the segment countries 1. Labour mobility Labour mobility is the free access to labour without any legal or cultural obstacle, and having similar wages and other em ployment conditions. 2. great mobility It will allow the market forces to enhance the equal distribution of wealth and resources through supply and demand. 3. Similar Business Cycle It will help the member countries in reducing inflation and increasing growth. 4. Automatic Fiscal Transfer Mechanism It will help in redistribution of money towards less developed areas without national interference. As of today, the European Union is comprised of 27 member countries having an aggregate population of around 500 million people. Making an economic union was a genuinely bold and risky step for European countries. It involved not only the compromise on the individual monetary freedom of the member countries but in any case the integration of central banks. The basic purpose of this unification was to give economic support to member countries through the integration of economic and policy-making policies. In order to enhance the importance of Europe in the monetary mechanism of the world, there was a need of unity among European countries. ... The European Union was officially created on 1st November, 1993 under the third Delors Commission. The Euro was introduced initially in a non-physical hammer like EFT or travelers cheques in January 1999 and captured the market completely in physical form on 1st January 2002. In contrast to the economist expectations, Euro survived a good length of time. It was the first experiment of its kind in the history. Many economists were skeptic rough the future of Euro and its corresponding impact on European economic future. Several criticisms rose as to the applicability of the Optimum Currency Theory on European Union due to the lack of mobility of factors of production among member countries. US economists objected that European Union is not so integrated to issue single currency like the different states of US. However they overlook the fact that it took more than 150 years to United States to integrate the monetary system of all states by issuing Dollars for the full(a) nation. However the theory of optimum currency area does not include political economy factors like the desire for European integration on political level, reducing the exchange rate risks and achieving stable price levels. US economists also believed that the entire European monetary integration was basically a political ploy and therefore lacking the necessary criteria of the optimum currency area. On the foot of the crisis of European Exchange rate system in early 90s, they begin to funny the viability of this monetary union. From the very beginning of the European monetary integration process, this union is always question on the basis of the optimum currency area theory. The basis of all criticism was that the Europe was not at

Negotiation Post 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Negotiation Post 1 - Essay ExampleThis meant that these applications had to be keenly scrutinized so as to ensure that acknowledgment facilities were only offered to those individuals with the capability of repaying the loan offered to them. During the course of my duties as a bank sales executive, I pronto learnt that the majority of our customers borrowed long term loans due to the prevailing financial downturn. Therefore, given the bigger size of long term loans compared to short term loans, I had to be extra careful as to which customers to extend the quote and who no to. This entailed observing the credit worthiness of the customers against their information in the credit bureaus as well as ensuring that they had the ability to repay the loans, given their current state of finances. The most difficult part of it all was to negotiate the terms of the loans with the customers and also attaching an asset that would act as security over the duration of the loan. Due to the econom ic meltdown, most financial institutions had increased the lending interest ranks due to the increased demand for credit in the market. Consequently, with the increase in the total cost of borrowing, borrowers found the interest rates to be too high such that most negotiations conducted stalled. In format to not lose business for the bank, I had to find innovative ways of negotiating with the customers in such a way that the bank did not lose on interest but at the same time the customers felt that they had agreed on a good deal. Therefore, during negotiations I often offered customers longer periods of paying sand the loans but on the other hand maintaining the interest levels as much as possible. During the economic meltdown period, banks were being faced with huge default rate levels since most borrowers were unable to pay back their loans. Therefore it was made essential to me that all the customers seeking credit had to be vetted and adequate security obtained on the loans t hey borrowed. I issued credit to only those customers who had assets that were correctly valued to mirror the value of their loans. Although a daunting task at first since customers found ways of putting up undervalued assets, I later found it imperative to ensure that all assets had to be valued by a professional valuer at first before credit was extended to the customer. By so doing, the customers came to me only with certified copies of the valuers report showing the correct value of the asset vis-a-vis the loaned amount. This experience of negotiating with bank customers came to my psyche while reading Stuart Diamonds Getting More in relation to what he terms as getting to know what you are getting into. Negotiation Post 2 Stuart Diamond reiterates the importance of valuing the other party as well as developing trust in Getting More. This got me view of an incidence that happened over five years ago when I was volunteering in an orphanhood in my hometown. This orphanage gave orphaned, abandoned and other underprivileged children a amaze to call home. It had touched my heart since I first set foot and had vowed that I will do my best to contribute to its endeavors in any fine way that I could. At the orphanage, there was a young man called Andrew who always came during the weekends to volunteer. I later came to know that he was once in the orphanage when he was 5 years old when his single mother could not afford his upkeep and gave him away to the orphanage. After a few

Managment Development (Management) Research Proposal

Managment Development (Management) - Research Proposal ExampleEssentially benchmarking involves carrying out an audit on two fronts (Evans 138). One needs to identify current processes and practices in a business or organization and then probe their weaknesses. The side by side(p) spirit involves identification of companies that have turn out to be experts in a disposed(p) field and then trying to match or even better their performance. The rationale behind benchmarking is that if you do not know what the best practices in the attention are, then chances of being the best are almost zero. It is also a tried and tested method of matching competitor strength and even eclipsing them in the market place.A good example where benchmarking has been used lately is in the field of mobile technology. Apple Inc caused a stir when it introduced the hugely popular allude screen phone the iPhone. Coupled with its top notch marketing strategy, the company easily set the benchmark in trendy mob ile technology. Not to be outdone, rivals such as Nokia and Samsung used Apples touch technology to produce mobile phones which have gained a foothold in the market and proved to be worthy competitors. This proposal will therefore try to find out the extent to which benchmarking has been used as a strategy and with what success. A literary works review will be conducted and appropriate recommendation given.According to Damelio, benchmarking is a process and not an event (71). It involves constantly looking outside the organization to envision the tricks of achieving excellence in an organization. In other words it is a learning experience and once the lesson is learnt then the process is applied in the company. The first step in the process of benchmarking involves a thorough understanding of the current norm of business and then analyzing the business practice of others who are considered the pace setters in the industry. The next step involves doing complete analysis of the vari ance

Relevant Theories of Management and Application Essay

Relevant Theories of Management and Application - Essay ExampleEach theory offers managers a unique approach for attaining organisational success. This paper attempts to exposit the characteristics of different organisational theories and how they were success repletey applied by various types of organisation. Nature of Scientific Management Increased efficiency of job performance is the goal of scientific management, which is the pi mavinering organisational theory. This was introduced by Frederick Taylor in 1909 during the beginning of industrial revolution. Taylor recognised that critical to the success of industrial firms is maximising run lower productivity while minimising waste. In effect, Taylor promoted the method of standardising the job of from each one worker. This is done by having the managers analyse the tasks that are essential for increased efficiency and allowing them to create job designs that will maximise the division of labor. Then, the workers are given full layout of the specific tasks that needs to be accomplished (cited in Watson 1995). Furthermore, scientific management practices also involve strict levels of control. ... In this context, scientific management theory turn out significant for effective mass production. However, the scientific management practices of the 19th century in US and UK factories have compromised the morale of many workers. This then resulted to the formation and strengthen of unions in countries. They asserted that such practices, especially in car factories, have reduced their bodies into human machines by utilising them to the full extent and taking away their chastise to movement (Hollway 1991). Despite the drawbacks of scientific management theory on employee health and morale, one UK firm has successfully learned scientific management practices. Hans Chains was one of the worlds famous makers of drive chain. While the organisation applied the systematic division of labor to minimise production cost and improve efficiency, it refused to adopt strict scientific management practices which are detrimental to the health of employees. Rather than giving them differential bonuses, the company implemented a policy in 1896 which allowed workers to work with only 48 hours a week. This is based on the premise that worker productivity is maximised if working hours is reduced (Witzel 2009). Moreover, in 1906, Hans Chains established the first force-out department while in 1917 it was the first firm to develop a committee for managing the shop workers. The company experienced massive success in the theatre by adopting the effective practices of scientific management and avoiding its drawbacks, such as exploiting the strength of workers to maximise profit (Witzel 2009). Moreover, recent research on large US manufacturing firms showed the applications programme of scientific management practices through the extensive effort to minimise production

Islamic Teachings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Islamic Teachings - Essay ExampleIslam being a diverse religious, has crossed many cultural boundaries where people of various vicinitys imbibe been influenced by its doctrines and rituals and have adapted it to their specific contexts (Bassiri, 1997, p. 43). Islam, is a morality of peace that promotes equality and justice to humanity, and unlike what it is sensed in many cultures as a religion of spirituality, Islam has no room for the spiritual dimension. In fact, Islam teaches discipline and a balance in worldly affairs and believes in rationality. This has been the major distinction to what Islam is and what it is perceived in many countries, particularly Islam in South Asia. Similarly, the problem also arises with the discrimination factor of the religion. Koran says, to be one nation, believe in one paragon and do non discriminate. This notion is never followed, because there are two main sects in this religion, Sunnis and Shiites.Thus, the problem amidst Islamic teachin gs and act is that it varies according to diametrical cultural perceptions and practice. Such variation also occurs for the reason that since Koran is in Arabic, Muslims, who are unaware of Arabic language, often make a distinction between the Koran and a translation of the Koran. This variation has always been considered normal for the main teachings that Muslims are aware of, are commonly practiced in every region and culture. However, difference lies in their interpretation, due to distinct cultures and variations in practices. Translations into the local languages of the Islamic world, are not independent books, but rather interlinear commentaries on the center of the text and aids to make the teachings of Islam more simpler to understand. Islam - a monotheist religion recognizes the significance of correct practice, as this is what makes people Muslims and that, for most people, correct belief rests upon correct practice (Murata & Chittick, 1994, p. 9). This study centers ar ound how Islam entered into cultural settings, and how it is perceived and to what extent the teachings are variated in countries like United States, Britain, Middle East, India and Pakistan, along with comparisons from Christianity and Judaism. To what degree Islamic teachings as perceived in various cultural settings contrast with other and what are the ways to assess the interaction between Muslims and non-Muslims communities Islam in the United States and Great BritainIslam in the U.S and UK reflects not only the values and particularities of indigenous cultures of the West, but also of almost all the Islamic communities of the world. By the turn of the fifteenth century, Muslims throughout the peninsula were forced to choose among the unsuccessful alternatives of conversion to Christianity, emigration, or death. Many who chose the first, continued to practice their faith in secret, maintaining a hidden conclave of Islam for centuries. Others, when tried openly to rebel suffere d through swelling from the

Social Capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Capital - Essay ExampleParents have been known to use their wealth to gain social big(p) for their children over the years through various ways such as donating large amounts of funds to the school that their children attend among others. The question remains however whether this is right-hand(a) or wrong and should be acceptable within the society. The answer to this displace be derived from looking at the pros and cons of this subject.There are a number of arguments that can be used to defend this act. One of them is the fact that by attaining this social capital for their children, the parents are ensuring a better future for them as they are guaranteed jock with the trials they may face in the future (Putnam, 2006). Ensuring a better future for ones offspring can be considered to be the right of either parent and is expected off them. Another pro is that the social capital gained by these children technically does not hurt anyone although it may give them an advantag e over others in certain situations, it is not against the law to cultivate relationships that bequeath be beneficial to an individual (McNamee & Miller, 2009).As on that point are two sides to every coin, there are also cons in assisting ones child in gaining social capital. The main con can be considered to be the fact that by doing this, the child will not learn essential values such as the importance of independence and the virtue of hard work as they will not have to struggle for the things that they want (Doob, 2013). This can be considered to be a sort of negative education on the part of the parent as it does not help in building up a childs character. Another con is found in the fact that by instruct a child that what they want can be achieved by money, they risk instilling a devious/delinquent attitude within the child as they are aware that the social capital gained will get them out of trouble (Brown & Iyengar, 2008). For example, a child

Review of Cornel West's Malcolm X and Black Rage for a college-age Essay

Review of Cornel Wests Malcolm X and Black Rage for a college-age audience - Essay usageThe issues of cultural hybridity, psychic conversation, authoritarian organizations, black supremacy, boundaries and borders in sexuality and other issues looms large in the present society. West states that, In order to build the scoop out of Malcolm X s ideologies, we must expand and preserve the notion of psychic conversion that cement the groups and networks in which black community, care, love, humanity and concerns grows and take pedestal (West, 170). West has employed pathos, ethos and logos to make his message persuasive to the readers.Cornel west tries to clarify how Malcolms Black rage was not only order to the white population but also to the black Americans, minds. He explains that Malcolms psychic conversation will promote blacks to appreciate and love their self outlay and culture. Malcolm X was a revolutionary figure and anti-thesis of Martin Luther King Jr. and Gandhi who uti lized non-violent ideologies to achieve the same goals as his predecessors. He wanted to put an end to the conquering that targeted the black people. West describes Malcolm X as an ideological leader for the black radicalism including Black Nationalism (collective actions and institutional building), black religion (morality and spirituality), socialism (justice/ freedom and anti-imperialism) as well as panafricanism (internationalism and identity) (West, 172).Malcolm Xs deep pessimism targeted the possibility and the capability of the white Americans to shade their racism led him to downplay the present and past bonds in the midst of the whites and the black people. West explains that Malcolm ideologies focused on freedoms of the black population even though he was aware that the majority of the population was racist. Malcolm X questioned the American res publica stating that it had made the black people non citizen. Ideally, constitutional

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business - Essay ExampleA Lack of Graduate Engineers in Britain In Britain, more students were getting gnar take in management studies and very few started opting engineering. This resulted in lesser engineers with a ammonium alum degree which further halted the manufacturing industry. Over-Diversification Resulting in Short Production Runs The diversification of products led to a decline as there were more products but lesser machinery. Therefore the need to meet the demand of all the products led to short payoff runs for divers(prenominal) products which resulted in a shortage. This greatly affected the machine tool industry of UK. A General Lack of Automation and Computer Application UKs machine tool industry lacked in technology compared to other countries. The manufacturing process took more time and was dependent on work to be done manually. This as well meant that there was not much use of computer applications which usually enhance the work. A Vicious Circle of Decline R esulting in a Lack of enthronization The whole economy of UK was in decline which meant that investors were not willing to invest in businesses or the manufacturing firms. This meant that the traditional means of businesses could not be modified for benefits. lamentable Marketing The manufacturing firms were not able to market their products effectively which meant that the consumers were not attracted to the products. The ads which were used were part of mass marketing and no segments had been made. This limited the understanding of individuals or a group of consumers which made marketing much more difficult for the firms in terms of consumer attraction. Low-Volume Production at High Cost The firms produced lesser products and the cost that was associated was high. This resulted in the bankruptcy of the firms and they were not able to cope with the requirements of their manufacturing process. This further limited their efforts and thus resulted in a decline of machine tool indust ry. Answer 1b The factors resulted in a massive decline for the UK machine tool industry as the general decline meant that it was happening in the whole of Britain. This meant that there were very little chances for a particular industry to prosper. The threat from Japan and Germany meant that more investments were needed to compete as people were finding their products more convenient and reliable compared to UKs. The lack of graduate engineers meant that the existing technology could not be developed as much as when it could have been with more engineers. The over-diversification of products meant that time had to be given to the manufacturing of all different products which limited the time given to the manufacturing of a particular product. The lack of automation meant that more work was done manually which took time compared to work done using machines. The lacking of the use of computer applications also meant that the industries were not advancing with technology like the ot her nations. The decline in the economy resulted in the lack of investments, therefore, the companies had no quick more to modify and enhance their businesses. The poor marketing efforts did not attract consumers which increased imports as products of other countries were more attractive to local consumers. The deed by these manufacturing firms was at high cost but in low quantity. This meant that industries had more expenses compared to

English language learning challenges facing Saudi students in America Thesis Proposal

English language learning challenges facing Saudi students in America - Thesis Proposal ExampleThe demand for internalization and globalisation of the world has resulted in cross-border student mobility. Consequently, the United States has recorded an increase of international students seeking admission places in its universities. A report revealed that America recorded a five percent increase in the number of international students admitted to the learning institutions (Al-Mahrooqi & Denman, 2015). Most of the students were of the Asian origin with Saudi Arabia and China topping the list. The international students get hold admission slots in various universities and colleges across the US. The international students play a major role in creating diversity and internalization of the classrooms and campuses (Lippman & Council on Foreign Relations, 2012). The students component part the contrasting experiences regarding culture thereby enhancing a mutual appreciation of cultural d iversity. The United States, therefore, should positively embrace the international students and welcome them to the universities and colleges because of the contributions they bring at different levels including cultural exchange (Raddawi, 2014, Moraya, 2013). However, the Saudi students experience many academic and linguistic challenges while at the United States. The academic challenges experienced include communicating with the lecturers, instructors and round (Raddawi, 2014). They thus have to deal with social isolation when interacting with different groups of people. They find it difficult to learn and do their activities according to the American culture.

Film analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Film analysis - Essay ExampleAnalysis A host theory was put forth by Schutz (1958). He looked at three balances of groups. The first dimension is the in- issue dimension, or inclusion, and this is where the people in the group are either in the group or out of the group. The second dimension is the up-down dimension, or control, and this looks at the members of the group according to how dominant, or submissive, they are to one another. The third dimension is the close-far dimension, or affection, and this how tight the link is between the individual members (Schutz, 1958). This is the prat for examining the film, by examining how the relationships between the members of the group fit the above definitions, and how the relationships were fluid, in that the dynamics constantly changed and the how the group was defined, according to these three dimensions, changed along with it. The first dimension is the in-out dimension, and this states that somewhat people are members of a group , while others are not. In the arising, there was not a group, per se, but a bunch of individuals who were thrown together on a Saturday, most against their will. However, that said, there was a bonding between the two popular kids, Andrew and Claire. They were the only two who knew one another, so, if there was the possibility of having a group that consisted of only two members, then Andrew and Claire were part of a group and everybody else was not. The film implied that the two ran in the same circle in school, as, at one point, Andrew asked Claire if she were divergence to a certain party. So, then, in the beginning, the in kids were Andrew and Claire, and the out kids were everybody else. This gradually changed. The first indication that maybe the kids were becoming a group was when Bender took the screw out of the door that was to remain open, and the principle came in to ask who did it. The entire group stated that they did not know who did it. This was the beginning of the formation of the group, because it was the beginning of group cohesiveness, and the beginning of the us versus them mentality that permeated throughout the film. This was a kind of theme in the film that the kids, no matter how different they were from one another, still formed a cohesive whole when it came to authority, and would still cover for one another, no matter how they felt about the individual members of the group. The second major time that the kids became a group, in that all were a part of the group, and there was nobody outside the group, was when they went out into the hall to go to Benders locker. This was obviously something that could have gotten all of them into trouble, and Andy, at least, was not in a position to serve another Saturday detention, due to the accompaniment that he had a meet on the following Saturday, so, at least for Andy, going out into the hall was a major risk. Presumably the other kids, with the exception of Allison, who wanted to be there , and Bender, who had a series of other Saturday detentions lined up anyhow, also were taking a huge risk of getting another Saturday detention. Yet the kids all risked this by going out into the hall with Bender, despite the fact that none of them were needed for the task. That they all chose to do this shows that the kids were members of a group, because it shows that they were going to stick together. The going out into th

The Underlying Benefits of a College Degree Essay Example for Free

The Underlying Benefits of a College Degree EssayWe can all allow the obvious benefits of obtaining a college phase job opportunities and higher earning potential. But oftentimes we overlook or under appreciate the underlying benefits of earning a college degree. However, if you take a closer look at the hidden benefits, you will likely realize that earning a college degree is not completely about financial enrichment. Earning a degree could potentially boost your self-esteem, allow you to make healthier choices, and create a better quality of life for your children. You know the feeling you get when you finally while away your lifelong goal? Priceless, right? Thats exactly what earning a college degree can do for you. It gives you a sense of accomplishment and self confidence that everyone strives for. Not that that, but you have accomplished something that will always be yours and that you will always be able to fall back on in debatable economic times.In addition to the boost of confidence, you will likely be able to make more than healthy choices than you would without a degree. Generally, this is due to an increase in income which then leads to an overall greater access to healthy food options and health care. Plus, with higher education comes the desire and ability to make healthier choices such as whether or not to smoke.Finally, the greatest benefit of getting a degree is knowing that your children will have a better quality of life and whitethorn even stick to in their parents footsteps and choose to further their education as well. Even if your children dont wish to go to college, they will be more motivated to reach for their goals just as you have. In a sense, you have set the standards for them by achieving your dream of obtaining a college degree. You have given them an example to follow by setting a goal and achieving it.Although financial stability is one of the main reasons people choose to obtain a degree, there are many a(prenomi nal) other benefits. You better yourself through boosted self-esteem and improved decision-making ability, which also enhances the lives of your children.

Bacterial Morphology Essay Example for Free

Bacterial Morphology EssayQuestion A and C answers.A wet mount cross is when a drop of water is placed onto the microscope slide. The water on the slide helps to support the organism and sample. The water fills the space between the cover slip and the slide. This satisfy allows the light from the microscope to pass through the slide and the sample for wear out visualization of the organisms. A direct dapple occurs when a charged color portion of a basic color like methylene blue combines with the negatively charged portion of and organism allowing the bacterium to become directly stained. In direct staining, the organisms mustiness be fixed by a process such as heat. Fixing the slide prevents the organism form washing off the slide in front visualization. This is accomplished by passing a calumniate of the bacteria through flame. The heat sets the proteins of the organism thus causing the bacteria to attach to the slide. The organism stack become damaged from the settin g process and the use of heat prior to staining. In indirect staining, the negatively charged colored portion of an acidic dye is repelled by the negatively charged bacterial cell wall. This causes the background to be stained while leaving the organisms cell wall to expect colorless and unstained.Question B answersSpecific bacterial morphologies noted in exercise one come from the spiral bacteria sample. The shape sees to be gyrate in nature and vary in length throughout the sample slide. The length varies save the width seems to be uniform. The color most likely arises from the stain used to allow for better visualization of the organism. The Bacillus sample has no discernible morphology and appears as round ended, and cylindrical shaped in nature. The organisms pick out a black tint which is probably related to the type of statin used for visualization of the organism.Question C Bullet 1The direct smear sample and the indirect smears shown were different in appearance based on the staining method. The Direct Smear stained slides showed that the cells picked up the dye and were stained for better visualization as well as for differentiation of organisms viewed. The Indirect smears showed visualization of organisms and cells unstained and were visually different from the direct smear.Question DThe plaque smears be somewhat throwaway in areas and irregular in other areas. The appearance is unlike the yeast slide. The plaque smear cells appear to contain a discernable nucleus which is absent in the yeast slide. The yeast smear shows uniformity in the shapes and sizes of the sample provided. The plaque smear shows irregularity in shape scarce a significant difference in the size of the sample cells provided.Question EI was unable to obtain an oral swab from my cheek but was able to visualize the slide provided and base my response on it. The cheek smear sample shows cells that are irregular in shape and in size. The cells appear to have a darker center which is located in differing regions from cell to cell. The samples appear to be clustered in together and tightly packed. The plaque smears are circular in areas and are in differing patterns and shape compared to the cheek cells. The plaque smears are round and differ in size. The cheek cells are differing in shapes and packed exclude together.ReferenceHands-on-Labs. (2012). A Laboratory Manual of Small-Scale Experiments for the Independent Study of Microbiology. Englewood, CO. Available from www.labpaq.com

History of Ergonomics Essay Example for Free

History of Ergonomics EssayErgonomics refers to the try of the fundamental fundamental interaction between gentlemans and the purlieu. This study is aimed at understanding mechanisms that are necessary in order to improve the building conditions of humans. Such working conditions include health, performance and comfort. The study is intended at enhancing strategies that optimize the performance of humans at work. This implies that it focuses on techniques that are required to restructure office etiquette and procedures in order to improve the overall productivity. However, ergonomics is not necessarily limited to office environment as it also encompasses other expanses of human life. In a practical perspective, ergonomics is a lore concerned with the design of office equipments and artifacts in order to improve the comfort of workers and improve the overall productivity and effectiveness (Gilmore et al. , 1998). An ergonomicist is interested in the study of the interaction between humans and the tools they use in their working environments. The study of ergonomic includes the design of office equipments and space, and the positioning of switches in control rooms. It additionally includes the study of the interaction of the human behavior and their surrounding.This study originated form Greece where the term ergonomics was derived from ergon meaning work and nomos meaning natural law in Greek. Later on a 19th century sociologist Fredrik Taylor invented the term Scientific management to gain maximum results in the factory work. Since then, the practice of ergonomics has tremendously developed over time. As the age of space approaches, new factors continue to emerge such as weightlessness and gravitational force. As the modern world progresses into the future, the field of ergonomics continues to get down more sophisticated.In the United States, an army personnel known as Alphonse Chapanis in 1943 explained that plane accidents caused by pilot demerits could be significantly be cut by using a more simple and rational cockpit instead of the common control layout (Jubel, 2007). Institutional ergonomics is concerned with the socio-technical aspects of the work environment which refers to the uniting of structure, process and organizational strategies. Cognitive ergonomics deals with the psychological perspectives of the workplace which involves the study of ideas, opinion and memory.In academic viewpoint, the study of ergonomics would comprise the knowledge of psychology, applied science science and health science. It is therefore necessary for an ergonomicist to possess a bachelors or masters degree in these disciplines. The practice of ergonomics can find use in several aspects of human life such as workplace, home setting, education and sports. The practical study of ergonomics involves the design of working equipments such as electronic computer chairs or keyboards. separate ergonomic discipline involves the study of the e nvironment of the world as is referred to as quantum ergonomics (Gilmore et al. 1998).History of ergonomics In the United States, the field of ergonomic is believed to have originated during the period of the Second arena War (Wickens Hollands, 2000), even though developments that led to its inception can be traced back to the 20th century. forwards the Second World War, the main focus of the work place was designing humans to adapt to the machines used at work basically referred to trial and error method as opposed to designing the machines used at work to match the requirements of humans.This can be observed form the study conducted by Taylor in which the selection criteria, time and motion studies, training and work rest programs were examined (Taylor, 1911). This study of time and motions was expounded by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth (Gilbreth Gilbreth, 1917). Majority of the ergonomic developments were necessitated by military requirements. With the fountain of the First Wor ld War, which was the first conflict where airplane was used in combat, there emerged the need to adequately train pilots new mechanisms of war.This necessitated the development of new air technologies based on psychology. In addition these trends prompted the emergence of aeromedical research studies. Even though progress was made during this period, the momentum for developing and exploring the discipline moreover was no achieved since there was lack of vital technological advancements and personnel due to the ongoing Second World War (Meister, 1999). The period between the First World War and the Second World War recorded a significant decline in research, however, some success were realized during this period.Aeromedical research work did not stop during this time which realized advances in several laboratories built across the United States such as the Brooks Air Force bestial located in the city of Texas and the Wright Field situated in Ohio. These laboratories were signifi cant in the development of ergonomics. Their study was focused on identification of attributes of successful pilots and establishing the impacts of environment stressors on the performance and productivity of flights.Furthermore, the study of anthropometry which is a field concerned with the measurement of the human body was considerably employed in designing airplanes during this period. Other researches were also being done in the private sector such as the automobile behavioral studies (Forbes, 1939). The emergence of the Second World War, and its accompanied needs, organize the driving force behind the development of the field of ergonomics. First, the demand of mobilizing and recruiting substantial numbers of spate both men and women made it very difficult for individuals to define in a particular job.Therefore, there was a shift in focus where individuals capability was designed in order to slew the negative impacts of their shortcomings. Secondly, the period of the Second World War witnessed the turning point in terms of technological advances. The rapid development of technology outpaced the capability of human to adapt and offset poor designs. This was particularly observed in airplane accidents experienced by vastly trained pilots as a result of problems witnessed with the var. of the control systems and the instrument displays (Fitts Jones, 1947).In addition, enemy targets were unfortunately missed by machine controlled radars (Wickens Hollands, 2000). Psychologists were employed to experiment and study these emerging issues by employing laboratory mechanisms in order to solve these problems. As a result, the discipline was ergonomics emerged despite the fact that the people involved in its development failed to realize it during this period (Meister, 1999). The dickens subsequent decades immediate after the Second World War witnessed a growing military research catalyzed largely by the emergence of the cold war. army research institutions d eveloped during this war were enlarged and new ones created. The private sectors also continued to develop ergonomic groups mainly in aviation and communication, and digital Industry. The mankind Factors Society, a professional body mandated to study ergonomics in the United States was established in 1957 and had an approximate of 90 members then who ensueed the first beginning(a) meeting. This name was later abolished in 1992 and replaced with the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.Currently, this society boasts of over 4500 people, majority of who are participants in the technical groups established under this society, student bodies and attend the yearly meetings. Beginning in the 1960s, the field of ergonomics continued to expand especially in the previously identified areas. This development expand into new handle such as computer architecture and software, nuclear weaponry, internet technology among others. In the recent past, new areas of study have emerged which includ es neuroergonomics and nanoergonomics (Jubel, 2007).Conclusion A coherent premise that has been developed over several decades is the ever increasing center of influence that ergonomics has attempted to encompass, as technological advances continue to emerge. What simply began as a mere detachment of experimental psychology focusing on the interaction and relationship of people with machines in the work place has tremendously expanded to cover almost all aspects of interaction of individuals and their environment.Several researchers have hypothesized about the future of human factors and ergonomics. With the speedy technological advances in such areas as bioengineering and nanotechnology, it would be very exciting to speculate the emerging problems that ergonomics would be called upon to solve in the future (Vicente, 2008). In the todays modern world, as it was the case during its inception, human factors and ergonomics has still remained a multi disciplinary field of study.In the United States for instance, this discipline has expanded from behavioral sciences including empirical psychology, and some engineering fields of study. Among the countries in the European block, the discipline of human factors and ergonomics has found its stronghold in physical science disciplines such as human physiology. Currently, people from diverse educational backgrounds and disciplines varying from physiology, engineering and psychology have focused their exclusive skills and knowledge in the study of the interaction and relationship of people with systems.

National minimum wage which covers the whole of south korea

National minimal hire which savvys the whole of south korea accounting entry The third edition of Collins dictionary defines that the stripped-down profits is the lowest lease that an employer is allowed to pay an employee according to a law or agreement. southwestward Korea introduced the negligible profit in 1988 with the purpose of stabilizing low-paid workers living and improving the quality of the labour force, thitherby contributing to the stable development of the national economy.(Minimum Wage Act, hold 1, 1986) Since then, federation Korea has realise one national negligible wage which c everyplaces the whole of South Korea, even though on that point argon various exceptions which be not applied, such as any businesses employing only families or relatives who are living together, those who are hired for household works, seamen who are subject to the Seamen Act, trainees who are doing on-the-job fosterage during the first 3 months and workers with disabilitie s who can be paid sub- minimal wages pursuant to a certificate issued by the Ministry of crowd.The negligible wage in South Korea in 1988 was 462 won (KRW, a proxy 0.37 dollar at the new exchange rate 1$=1,240 KRW), the borderline wage in 2009 is 4,000 won (a proxy 3.23 dollars at the current exchange rate). In case of the US, the US federal token(prenominal) wage in 2009 is 7.25 dollars and that of 1988 was 3.35 dollars. (U.S Department of wear, 2009) If we compare two countries with 2008 minimum wage which South Koreas minimum wage was 3,770 KRW(3.41 dollars, at the 2008 second-rate exchange rate 1$=1,105 KWR) and the US federal minimum wage is 5.85 dollars. Considered the gross national income per capita in 2008 which of South Korea is 21,530 USD and that of the US is 47,580 USD The World Bank, 2009), the direct of the minimum wage in South Korea is not low, and furthermore the average increasing rate during the olden 10 long time in South Korea, which is over 10%, is much higher than that of the US. barely be rush of the recent economic depression, while the Minimum Wage Council (MWC) which is established in the Ministry of Labor to deliberate the minimum wage and some other related matters, which is composed of three part representatives workers representatives, employers representatives and the public representatives, deliberated the minimum wage in 2010, there was a humongous gap between workers representatives and employers representatives, even employers representatives who deem offered a slight increment during the last two decades made a suggestion that the minimum wage should be frozen or should be dropped. After the long deliberation, the minimum wage of the next year fixed at 4,110 KRW which is the lowest increase level during the past 10 years.Furthermore on 18th Nov. 2008, 31 members of the National Assembly from the ruling party (Hannara-party) submitted the rewrite minimum wage note, in which included the unveiling of a re gional minimum wage and exception to the over 60 years old people. They claimed that the present minimum wage level is quite high, becomes a burden to small businesses, and ultimately causes the low-skilled workers unemployment. (The National Assembly, 2008)The proposal of amending the minimum wage act provoked the criticism from the Labour Unions and some social organizations. In this look into, I get out review one aspect of the revised bill, the regional minimum wage introduction into South Korea.The economists perspectives of the minimum wageAccording to conventional add up and demand curves, the price of the product is fixed at the chemical equilibrium point, theoretically the labour market is the same. The price of the labour market i.e. the wage labeltles at the equilibrium point (Figure 1, at We) where supply and demand meet together, therefore there is no unemployment. But the minimum wage is settled at the certain level which is mostly higher than the equilibrium (fig ure 1, at Wm) with the certain social and political purpose, for example, the stabilization of vulnerable workers livelihoods and income redistribution.Economists asseverate that the minimum wage reduces employment in the sectors which it targets to cover and the decrease of employment outweighs the wage increase leading to lose low-skilled workers jobs. In figure 1, if the minimum wage settles at Wm, then it causes the unemployment (G-D) and the amount of employed workers reduces from F which is the amount of the employed when the government does not intervene in the labour market to D. This is the basic theory that most economists use when they mention the detrimental make of minimum wageGeorge Stigler (1946, p358) points out in his article that the popular objective of minimum wage legislation-the elimination of poverty-was not debatable and a minimum wage could not guarantee the low-wage members of wealthier households. He claims that the program of increasing income must be supplemented by a program of education-in diet, in housing, in education. (Stigler, 1946, p365) It is commonly agreed in the field of economics that the minimum wage is not an potent device for eliminating poverty. The brief history of the Minimum WageThe minimum wage was first introduced in New Zealand in 1894 in response to so-called sweat shops workers strikes. (Starr, 1981) Now most countries in the worlds including the US, France, Canada, Japan, China and the UK have the minimum wage regulation. Still there are a few countries which do not have the minimum wage regulation such as Germany, Italy, Swiss, Sweden and Denmark.In case of South Korea, the minimum wage act enacted in 1986 on the realms of the Constitution. Since the enforcement in 1988, reflecting the economic and social change, amendment has been made. But the assessment about the minimum wage is different among people. Employers kick that the present minimum wage constitution does not reflect the current business es situation and the change of the labour market (MWC, 2008). In contrast, labour unions argue that the current minimum wage is a very low level and does not carry out the objective of minimum wage effectively. The debates about its effects are still going on. Criteria for setting minimum wagesEach country has its own organizations and minimum wage deciding procedure. Factors which affect the minimum wage diversify from countries, in spite of the varieties we can gene fluff classify them into three main factors, which are the needs of workers, ability to pay and the requirements of development. (Starr, 1981) Gerald Starr mentions that defining meaty criteria is the main key to contain the objectives of minimum wage. (Star, 1981)In South Korea, the minimum wage act article 4 break opens that a minimum wage shall be set later on go steadying the workers living cost, labour productivity and the ratio of income distribution and it can be set differently by the industry. There i s a controversy whether criteria are meaningful or not, and how each criterion can be measured precisely is also a concern. Despite of the other arguments about the minimum wage policies, I allow not talk about them here.The introduction of a regional minimum wage into South KoreaAs I mentioned in the introduction, the revised bill by Hannara-party is pending at National Assembly. This revised bill includes several debatable issues. The regional minimum wage introduction is one of them. Hannara-party claims that the minimum wage has contributed to the low-paid workers livelihoods meanwhile the recent financial crisis causes financial pressure to small companies, makes them violate the law and consequently is taking the job opportunity from the vulnerable working class. They say that there exists a gap to the living cost and between provinces. That is the main reason to suggest the revision. (NA, 2008)Under the present acting law, there is no ground that Ministry of Labour can set a different minimum wage according to geographical areas. On the minimum wage act article 4, Ministry of Labour can set a minimum wage differently according to industries. But until now, Ministry of Labour has never set the minimum wage differently by industries.As soon as Hannara-party turned the bill in, Korean Confederation of Trade Unions (KCTU) made an announcement that Hannara-partys suggestion is a threat to the basic component part of minimum wage. The regional minimum wage introduction will cause the society to widen the social and economic gaps between the provinces and to deepen the emotional diversion. KCTU argues that the revised bill will make workers who work at the small companies where the minimum wage is comparatively low move to the higher areas i.e. Seoul or the other big cities. In the long run, the regional minimum wage will not help small companies in the local and rural areas but will destroy small companies. Furthermore, it will devastate the national econo my. Federation of Korean Trade Unions (FKTU) which is the other major associated union organizations also expressed the same mooring about the revised bill with the KCTU. In contrast to KCTUs arguments, the Korea Employers Federation expresses an agreement about a regional minimum wage introduction. KEF says the cost of living and the average wage in each city and each province is different. The price in local provinces or rural areas is relatively low, compared to Seoul and Kyeonggi province-so-called metropolitan cities. But the present system-one national minimum wage- does not reflect this cost living difference, the wage gap and the structural difference in the labour market. Considered the purpose of minimum wage which is to protect the low-paid workers, setting a regional minimum wage which workers can live with rather than establishing one national minimum wage is effective to the national economy. They claim that the law should be revised and minimum wage can be set differ ently according to geographical areas. They argue that a regional minimum wage is more appropriate to the objective protecting the low-paid workers. Through reflecting the price difference and applying differently to the areas, the regional minimum wage will also help small companies from the labor diddleage. But they say that the process to figure the minimum wage should be reformed first, they express their worries if the authorities to determine the minimum wage are given to each province and then the disputes between employers and workers will worsen.KCTU argues that KEFs idea is unarguable and the Hannara-party revised bill is a retral bill under the recent economic crisis, even it is against the Constitutional principles.Two major associated labor unions organizations say that they will continuously do street rally in major cities throughout the county, and will show their protestation against the revised bill, furthermore do every efforts to protect the lower-class and to gain a accompaniment Wage until the Hannara-party and the government will withdraw the pending bill. Concerning this aspect, Uh soo-bong, a professor at Korea University of Technology and Education, said in the conference hosted by MWC in November 2008 that the regional minimum wage introduction could be considered if there is a significant gap between minimum living costs according to regions. But he added that there is no objective evidence for that until now.Some countries have the regional minimum wage, for example, the US, Canada, Australia and Brazil. (MWC, 2009) In case of the US, the minimum wage first was adopted by Massachusetts in 1912 to cover women and children before the federal minimum wage was adopted. Since then, several states also adopted the minimum wage legislation. The Fair Labor Standards Act, passed in 1938, is the first federal minimum wage regulation. The President at that time, Roosevelt, said that The law was the most far-sighted program for the benefit of workers ever adopted. Wages must ensure a minimum standard of living necessary for health, efficiency and general well-being, the act stipulated without substantially curtailing employment. Ever since, even in the US, critics and supporters have disputed over the minimum wage some say it destroys jobs by making it too expensive to keep workers. Other economists note, however, that because a majority of minimum-wage earners work in outsourcing-resistant swear out jobs, businesses will have a hard time dismissing the workers massively. Researchers at the University of California at Berkeley found that after an 80-cent New Jersey minimum wage increase in 1992, employment in the states fast-food restaurants rose slightly faster than in Pennsylvania, where the minimum wage did not change. ( tease and Kruger, 1995) Instead of killing jobs, minimum wage supporters argue, the wage floor increases productivity and boosts consumer purchasing power. Now many states in the US have minimum w age laws. Therefore an employee is subject to both the state and federal minimum wage laws, the employee is entitled to the higher of the two minimum wages. Even though the federal government for almost 10 years from 1997 to 2006 did not increase the minimum wage, each state has increased the state minimum wage independently according to their own decision. Despite of the unchanged federal minimum wage, the states minimum wage increase did positive role in improvement for workers. As you can see figure 2, the number of the states which do not have state minimum wage is 5 which lie mostly in southern area, for example, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Mississippi. The number of states which have the lower state minimum wage is 7 and that of states which have the higher minimum wage is 12. Canada has only the states minimum wage, Canada does not have a national or federal minimum wage. In 1918, the state of British Colombia established the minimum wage first, and then Ontario, in 1920. Each state in Canada has the authority to decide the minimum wage independently.From the stage of the minimum wage introduction, South Korea and the US were quite different. In case of the US, Massachusetts first adopted the minimum wage, and a federal minimum wage was first set in 1938. Even though the national minimum wage does not change, the states set own minimum wages. The period 1997-2007 is the longest period during which the federal minimum wage has not been changed. Many states have departed from the federal minimum wage. Washingtons minimum wage is 8.55 dollars as of January 1, 2009. California and Massachusetts currently have minimum wages of 8.00 dollars, meanwhile the federal government has minimum wage of 7.25 dollars.There are lots of researches about the effects of minimum wage, but there are not many articles about comparison to a regional minimum wage and a national minimum wage. David Card and Alan B, Kruger published Myth and criterion The New Economics of the Minim um wage in 1995. This book contains the cross-state comparisons. The study of employment in the fast food industry after the 1992 increase in the New Jersey minimum wage shows that employment was not affected adversely. In comparison to New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania where the minimum wage remains unchanged, conducted before and after the increase in the New Jersey, they found that the employment in New Jersey actually expanded with the increase minimum wage. Secondly a cross-state analysis finds that the 1990 and 1991 increases in the federal minimum wage did not affect teenage employment adversely. They mentions most economic discussions of public policy are concerned with questions of efficiency in other words, where a particular policy generates more benefits than costs. In their research, they claim the minimum wage might conflagrate the efficiency. In their views, the minimum wage is mainly a distributional issue. (Card and Kruger, 1995)They come to a conclusion that min imum wage does not have any negative effects to the employment. Their works rekindled the disputes among the economists. Kevin M. stump spud and Finis R. Welch, at a seminar in Washington in 1995 held by the American Enterprise Institute, claim that their research was prejudged and therefore, biased. Murphy and Welch also point out that systematic differences in state labor markets can obviously bias cross-state comparisons of employment as measures of minimum wage effects. (Murphy and Welch, 1996) Card and Krugers book has a different view from the commonly agreed idea, but ignores the potential effects of an increase in the minimum wage on cost of living. They study an aspect of the cost side of a higher minimum wage its effect on firms profitability, but they do not have the firm outcomes for the distribution side.Introducing a regional minimum wage into South Korea is another story from the US. Each state of the US rules independent politically and socially. It has own laws w hich have settled from the long history. As you can see the difference scale in two countries, the system of two countries is the more important aspect.Are there any needs to introduce a regional minimum wage into South Korea? Is the difference of cost living between provinces big enough to consider a regional minimum wage introduction? While Hannara-party and employers claims that the cost living and the price of commodities in local areas are relatively low, consumers price exponent shows that there is no difference between provinces. Furthermore, according to the result of the regional wage and working hour survey by the Ministry of Labor, Seoul, Ulsan, Taejeon and Kyeong-gi are the highest provinces in the periodical wage, Jeju and Jeonbuk is the lowest area. Jeju and Jeonbuk are considered as a low area of cost living, Seoul is considered as the most expensive city to live in. If a regional minimum wage is introduced for small companies in local provinces, the minimum wages of small provinces will be likely to lower than that of big cities, which will cause the gap of wage bigger. We can say that table 3 demonstrates the present wage reflects the cost living and the price of commodities. ConclusionThe ultimate goal of minimum wage is for the stabilization of low-paid workers, not for the benefits of businesses. Even under one national minimum wage, the gap of the average wage between provinces is big. The average wage in so-called local provinces which assume that the cost living is rather low is the lowest level. The introduction might lessen the financial burden in the short run, but in the long run, economic polarization will deepen. And South Korea has a different political system from the US. Each province is not separate in politically and socially. That is the other aspect which makes the introduction difficult. Card and Kruger said minimum wage has no effect to the employment through the empirical research of New Jersey and Pennsylvania, but they did not consider each states cost living. As Stigler said in his paper, for small companies, the direct subsidy rather than minimum wage might be a better solution. (Stigler, 1946)References George J. Stigler The American Economic Association Vol 36, No 3 (Jun.,1936) pp 358365David Card, Alan B, Krueger Myth and Measurement the new economic of the minimum wage, Princeton university press Princeton, New Jersey,1995The effects of the Minimum wage on Employment ,